Analisis Big Data pada Perdagangan Digital: Studi Komparatif E-Commerce, S-Commerce, dan Q-Commerce Berbasis BERTopic
Keywords:
Digital Commerce, E-Commerce, S-Commerce, Q-Commerce, BERTopic, Big Data AnalyticsAbstract
Transformasi ekonomi digital di Indonesia telah berkembang melampaui batas tradisional, memecah pasar menjadi tiga entitas distingtif: Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce), Social Commerce (S-Commerce), dan Quick Commerce (Q-Commerce). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis komparatif yang mendalam mengenai karakteristik operasional, dampak regulasi Permendag Nomor 31 Tahun 2023, serta persepsi konsumen terhadap ketiga model bisnis tersebut. Menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran (mixed-method), studi ini mengintegrasikan tinjauan literatur kebijakan dengan analisis empiris berbasis Big Data terhadap 1.500 ulasan konsumen yang diambil dari berbagai platform digital. Metode pemodelan topik mutakhir, BERTopic, diterapkan sebagai solusi atas keterbatasan Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) dalam menganalisis teks pendek tidak terstruktur yang sarat dengan bahasa informal. Hasil visualisasi data menunjukkan distribusi topik Pareto, di mana diskursus konsumen didominasi secara signifikan oleh isu "Kepercayaan Sosial" (Social Trust) dan "Interaksi", mengindikasikan bahwa aspek relasional masih menjadi fondasi utama ekonomi digital Indonesia. Analisis kata kunci (keyword analysis) berhasil mengidentifikasi diferensiasi nilai yang tajam: Q-Commerce secara eksklusif diasosiasikan dengan urgensi logistik ("delivery"), sedangkan S-Commerce didorong oleh fitur interaktif ("livestream"). Selain itu, temuan ini mengungkap kemunculan topik emerging terkait "Privasi" dan "UKM", yang merefleksikan respons pasar terhadap intervensi regulasi pemerintah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun teknologi memfragmentasi saluran penjualan, integrasi elemen sosial dan jaminan keamanan tetap menjadi penentu utama keberlanjutan bisnis. Penggunaan BERTopic terbukti superior dalam mengekstraksi wawasan semantik yang koheren dari data ulasan yang kompleks, memberikan landasan strategis bagi pengembangan model bisnis hibrida di masa depan.
References
e-Conomy SEA 2024 | Bain & Company, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.bain.com/insights/e-conomy-sea-2024/
Indonesia E-commerce Market Size, Growth & Industry Analysis, 2031 - Mordor Intelligence, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/indonesia-ecommerce-market
Indonesia's US$22b social commerce future: How live shopping is reshaping retail, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.marketing-interactive.com/indonesia-s-22b-social-commerce-future-how-live-shopping-is-reshaping-retail 4. accessed January 27, 2026, https://metricscart.com/insights/quick-commerce-vs-traditional-ecommerce/#:~:text=Quick%20commerce%20refers%20to%20ultra,in%20days%20rather %20than%20minutes.
E-Commerce vs Quick Commerce: Exploring Differences, Advantages & the Best Fit for Your Business - CodeRower, accessed January 27, 2026, https://coderower.com/blogs/e-commerce-vs-quick-commerce
A Topic Modeling Comparison Between LDA, NMF, Top2Vec, and BERTopic to Demystify Twitter Posts - Frontiers, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sociology/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2022.886498/full
Moving Beyond LDA: A Comparison of Unsupervised Topic Modelling Techniques for Qualitative Data Analysis of Online Communities - arXiv, accessed January 27, 2026, https://arxiv.org/html/2412.14486v1
Topic Modeling on Customer Reviews using BERTopic and Llama2 - Towards AI, accessed January 27, 2026, https://towardsai.net/p/l/topic-modeling-on-customer-reviews-using-bertopic-and-llama2
BERTopic: Transformer-Enhanced Topic Discovery - Emergent Mind, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.emergentmind.com/topics/bertopic-model
Quick Commerce vs. Traditional E-Commerce: Key Differences Every Business Should Know - D2S Technologies, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.d2stechnologies.com/blog/quick-commerce-vs-traditional-e-commerce-key-differences-every-business-should-know
Quick Commerce vs. Traditional E-commerce: Key Differences - MetricsCart, accessed January 27, 2026, https://metricscart.com/insights/quick-commerce-vs-traditional-ecommerce/
E-commerce Market Size, Share And Growth Report, 2030 - Grand View Research, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/e-commerce-market
The Evolution of Social Commerce Through a Comparative Study of Traditional E-Commerce and Social Media Integrated Sales Models - IJESAT, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.ijesat.com/ijesat/files/V25I0501IJESATTheEvolutionofSocialCommerceThro ughaComparativeStudyofTraditionalECommerceandSocialMediaIntegratedSalesModels_1 746609021.pdf
Social Commerce Market Size, Drivers & Opportunities, Outlook 2025 – 2030, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/social-commerce-market 15. will the disruption of the food retail industry happen? Investigating the quick commerce supply chain and the impacts of dark stores., accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.lvmt.fr/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Research-report-Quick-commerce-Schorung-mars-23-EN.pdf
E-commerce vs Quick Commerce: A Comparative Study of Business Models and Consumer Experience in India - INSPIRA, accessed January 27, 2026, https://inspirajournals.com/uploads/Issues/1393691270.pdf
Indonesia Quick Commerce Market Size, Share & 2030 Growth Trends Report, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/indonesia-quick-commerce-market 18. 3 Ways Retail Banks Can Use Natural Language Processing To Analyze Consumer Sentiment | BizTech Magazine, accessed January 27, 2026, https://biztechmagazine.com/article/2025/10/3-ways-retail-banks-can-use-natural-language-processing-analyze-consumer-sentiment
Challenges of Big Data analysis | National Science Review - Oxford Academic, accessed January 27, 2026, https://academic.oup.com/nsr/article/1/2/293/1397586
What Are Star Ratings And How Do They Work - FasterCapital, accessed January 27, 2026, https://fastercapital.com/topics/what-are-star-ratings-and-how-do-they-work.html/1
Are Star Ratings Enough To Gauge Customer Sentiment? - Forbes, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.forbes.com/councils/forbesbusinessdevelopmentcouncil/2024/03/28/are-star-ratings-enough-to-gauge-customer-sentiment/
Comprehensive Evaluation of LDA, NMF, and BERTopic's Performance on News Headline Topic Modeling - Semantic Scholar, accessed January 27, 2026, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/42c0/c18c3d96e3bb944dc84ae6584aa4a5b7ec9f.pdf 23. 8 Limitations of Topic Modelling Algorithms on Short Text - LAZARINA STOY., accessed January 27, 2026, https://lazarinastoy.com/topic-modelling-limitations-short-text/
LLM-Assisted Topic Reduction for BERTopic on Social Media Data - arXiv, accessed January 27, 2026, https://arxiv.org/html/2509.19365v1
AI-powered topic modeling: comparing LDA and BERTopic in analyzing opioid-related cardiovascular risks in women - PMC - NIH, accessed January 27, 2026, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11906279/
New Indonesian Regulation Attempts to Control Growth of 'Social Commerce' | ABNR - Counsellors at Law, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.abnrlaw.com/news/new-indonesian-regulation-attempts-to-control-growth-of-social-commerce-1
New Indonesian Regulation Attempts to Control Growth of 'Social Commerce' | ABNR - Counsellors at Law, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.abnrlaw.com/en/news/new-indonesian-regulation-attempts-to-control-growth-of-social-commerce-1
New e-commerce regulation introduces new requirements for social commerce platforms and imported products in Indonesia | Herbert Smith Freehills Kramer | Global law firm, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.hsfkramer.com/insights/2023-10/new-e-commerce-regulation-introduces-new-requirements-for-social-commerce-platforms
Indonesia Bans E-Commerce Activities on Social Media: Overview of Minister of Trade (MOT) Regulation No. 31 of 2023 - Murzal & Partners Law Firm, accessed January 27, 2026, https://murzallawfirm.com/indonesia-bans-e-commerce-activities-on-social-media-overview-of-minister-of-trade-mot-regulation-no-31-of-2023/
Implications Emergence Platform Tiktok Shop Against Regulations Trade in Indonesia (Analysis of Minister of Trade Regulation No., accessed January 27, 2026, http://repository.uinsu.ac.id/24762/1/5158-Article_Text-31031-2-10-20240830_%282%29.pdf
Indonesia Social Commerce Market Intelligence Report 2025-2030: Mobile Commerce Dominates, Authenticity and Personalization Key to Growth - GlobeNewswire, accessed January 27, 2026, https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/05/12/3079272/28124/en/Indonesia-Social-Commerce-Market-Intelligence-Report-2025-2030-Mobile-Commerce-Dominates-Authenticity-and-Personalization-Key-to-Growth.html






